Ineffective investigation into allegations of forced abortions and forced contraception after rape by a doctor in a neuropsychiatric residential asylum of three intellectually disabled applicants with legal capacity - Respondent State's failure to establish and apply effectively a system protecting intellectually disabled women in psychiatric institutions against serious breaches of their integrity - Inadequate criminal legislation and lack of mechanisms to prevent such abuse

Article 3 (procedural) - Failure to carry out effective investigation into alleged death threats against vulnerable rape victim by her abuser father, in breach of domestic law

Article 8 (Private and family life) - Refusal of couple’s request for a self-funded second homologous in vitro fertilisation procedure, on the basis of the wife’s age, not in accordance with a law of sufficient quality

Revocation of the certification to teach Catholicism after having entered a same-sex relationship in violation of Catholic canon law - Violation of the right to equality and non-discrimination, the right to privacy, and the right to work - Court's order to institute a concrete judicial review procedure to allow state officials to carry out a control of the religious authorities’ assessment of suitability of religious teachers serving in public schools

Distinction between male and female educational staff - Alleged unreasonable violation of the principle of non-discrimination on grounds of gender

Out-of-wedlock child’s surname - Automatic attribution of the father’s surname – Alleged violation of the right to personal identity and the principle of equality, also with regard to European and supranational obligations

Verification of indirect gender discrimination by the employer in the selection process for economic development - Actual disadvantage to female workers

Irrelevant cultural motive in cases of denial of fundamental goods and rights as configured by the constitutional framework - Assignment of minor daughter for payment of the so-called ‘bride price”

Discrimination on grounds of pregnancy or maternity constitutes a special example of gender-based discrimination - Non-renewal of the fixed-term contract of a pregnant worker - Refusal to appoint a pregnant woman or firing her because of her pregnancy or maternity status constitute a direct discrimination on grounds of sex

Killing of a young African descent woman and impunity of the perpetrator due a broad application of the parliamentary immunity - Gender stereotypes employed by domestic authorities to the detriment of the victim - Violation of the right to equality before the law, to judicial protection, and to be free from discrimination

Verbal, physical and sexual violence committed against a female journalist in the context of a kidnapping by a paramilitary group - Violation of the right to judicial protection, to dignity, to freedom of thought and expression, to personal integrity, to equal protection before the law - Lack of due diligence due to discriminatory attitudes towards the victim in the course of the investigations

National legislation providing for a pension maternity supplement to be granted to women who have had a certain number of children – Exclusion from entitlement to that pension supplement of women who have requested early retirement

Equal pay for male and female workers – Claims seeking equal pay for work of equal value – Workers of different sex having the same employer

Social policy, equal treatment for men and women in matters of social security – Directive 79/7/EEC – Article 4(1), Voluntary early retirement, Early retirement pension, Requirement for the pension amount to be received to be at least as much as the legal minimum amount – Proportion of workers of each sex excluded from the benefit of early retirement, justification of a potential particular disadvantage to female workers

Killing of a female huma rights defender in the contest of spread abuses against women - Ineffective investigations without a gender lens - Violation of the right to dignity, to judicial protection and to personal integrity

Article 3 and Article 8 - Authorities breaching procedural positive obligations as to enforcement of sentence for sexual assault after offender’s amnesty granted then revoked

Article 14 (+ Article 8) - Entitlement to parental leave of male police personnel conditional upon lack of maternal care for their children

Condemnation of national courts for upholding presumptions and stereotypes of female sexuality - Positive obligations - 'Secondary victimisation' of a survivor of sexual violence due to the blaming, moralising and stereotyped gendered motivations of the domestic decision

Article 14 (+ Article 1 P1) - Unjustified, direct sex discrimination owing to refusal of employment-related benefit to pregnant woman who underwent in vitro fertilisation shortly before employment

Extrajudicial killing of two women and forced disappearance of two men - Ineffective investigations - Violation of the right to personal integrity and to judicial protection