Refusal to provide copies of birth certificates requested by two girls born in the Dominican Republic to Dominican mothers by local officials as part of a deliberate policy to deny documents to Dominicans of Haitian descent, resulting in the girls being refused their nationality, not being able to go to school, and facing other serious problems – Violation of the right to equality and non-discrimination, to protection measures, to nationality, to having a legal status and a name, and to be part of a political community

Principle of equal pay for men and women – Concept of pay – Taking into account, for calculation of termination payments, of periods of military service – Possibility of comparing workers performing military service with women workers who, after their maternity leave, take parental leave the duration of which is not taken into account for calculating a termination payment

Rape and ill-treatment of twenty girls and young women in the context of the massacre of 268 people, mainly indigenous Mayans, as part of genocidal counter-insurgence state policy against indigenous people – Denial of justice, intimidation and discrimination to the detriment of the survivors and the next of kin of the victims 

Work leave in case of adoption or foster care within the first year of the child's life, instead of within the first year of the child's entry into the family – Infringement of the principle of equality by treating adoptive or foster parents and adopted or foster children less favourably than natural parents and children

Substitute teaching conferred during the period of compulsory maternity leave - Exclusion of maternity allowance - Alleged unequal treatment, infringing the right to remuneration and the principle of impartiality

Equality before the law without distinction of sex - Possibility for all citizens, of both sexes, to have equal access to public and elected offices in equal shares 

Article 3 (Positive obligations) and Article 8 (Positive obligations) - Adequacy of protection provided by Bulgarian law for victim of alleged rape - Bulgarian law provided insufficient protection to victim of an alleged act of rape

Measures to promote equality of opportunity between men and women - Subsidised nursery places made available by a Ministry to its staff - Places reserved only for children of female officials, save in cases of emergency, to be determined by the employer

Protection of female workers - Entitlement to maternity allowance in the event of dismissal of the female employee during the maternity leave - Unreasonable exclusion in breach of the principle of maternity protection

Equal treatment for men and women – Article 5(1) of Directive 76/207/EEC – Article 10 of Directive 92/85/EEC – Dismissal of a pregnant worker – Fixed-term employment contract

Protection of pregnant women – Direct effect and scope – Fixed-term contract of employment

Equal treatment for men and women – Self-employed activity – Downgrading of medical practices

Equal treatment for men and women Limitation of access by women to military posts in the Bundeswehr

Protection of female workers, compulsory ‘post-partum’ maternity leave - Hypothesis of premature birth - Commencement of the period of such leave suitable for ensuring adequate protection for mother and child 

Protection of female workers – Maternity allowance – Alleged violation of the principle of equal treatment, as well as that of the protection of the family

Alleged violation of the rights of working women – Maternity and childhood – Mothers engaged in community service

Behaviour and language that infringe personal dignity and in particular one’s sexual freedom - Sexual harassment in the workplace - Dismissal for just cause

Protection of working mothers – Maternity allowance, upon request, for the period between the two months prior to the expected date of birth and the three months after the actual date of birth, regardless of the actual date of maternity leave – Alleged unequal treatment of female employees obligated by law to maternity leave during the aforementioned period

Equal treatment for men and women – Refusal to employ a woman as a chef in the Royal Marines

Equal treatment for men and women – Dismissal of a pregnant woman – Absences due to illness arising from pregnancy