Fault-based divorce attributed exclusively to the applicant for failure to fulfil 'marital duties' on the grounds that she had ceased to have sexual relations with her husband - Concept of 'marital duties' runs counter to sexual freedom, the right to bodily autonomy and the states' obligation to prevent and combat domestic and sexual violence - Violation of Article 8

Art 8 • Positive obligations • Failure to protect a fourteen-year-old girl from sexual abuse • Domestic legal framework, as applied by the domestic authorities, did not afford effective protection

Art 3 and Art 8 (substantive and procedural) Respondent State having failed to effectively apply a criminal system capable of punishing non-consensual sexual acts by minors - Art 14 (+ Art 3 and Art 8) “Secondary victimisation” of one of the minors due to her exposure by the national authorities to guilt-inducing, moralising remarks conveying sexist stereotypes

Failure to conduct an effective investigation into applicant’s complaints of domestic violence - Delays and administrative confusion leading to the expiry of limitation periods - Art 14 (+ Art 3 and Art 8) - Alleged gender-based discrimination in handling of domestic violence cases

Art. 2 - Failure of the national authorities to fulfil their positive obligation to protect the applicant's life from violence by her partner - Acts qualified as violence against women - Lack of sufficient coordination between the various services and shortcomings in the applicable domestic law

Authorities’ failure in their central task of assessing the issue of non-consent - Art 14 (+ Art 3 and Art 8) - Methods used to assess the authenticity of the applicant’s consent deprived her of appropriate protection and exposed her to secondary victimisation

Articles 3 (prohibition of torture and inhuman or degrading treatment) and 8 (right to respect for private life) - Persecution and harassment of the applicant by her former partner and the ensuing criminal proceedings - Ineffective criminal investigations and non-compliance with procedural safeguards - Violation of Article 3

Sexual violence and criminal offences against sexual freedom - Gang rape – Extenuating circumstance for minor participation in the criminal offence

Sexual violence criminal offence - Telematic sexual violence - Using remote communication tools such as telephone, video call, chat, to force the offended person to perform sexual acts

Sexual violence and criminal offences against sexual freedom - Absence of offended person’s physical response and of outward signs indicating violence - Vis grata puellis

Sexual violence and criminal offences against sexual freedom – Gang rape

Non-consensual termination of pregnancy, proof of abortion intention – Threats aiming at inducing the offended person to have an abortion - Private violence and personal injuries

Disciplinary dismissal for carrying out acts unequivocally likely to cause the termination of his partner’s pregnancy

Gender-based violence against women – Domestic violence – Threat of ‘honour killing’

Violation of Article 2 (procedural) - Lack of effective investigation into the alleged suicide of the applicant’s daughter in a domestic violence context - Investigative authority’s non-compliance with requirement to display particular diligence and vigour when investigating a case involving violence against women could be read as sheer unwillingness to establish the truth

Aggravated abuse criminal offence - Women reporting violence with a clear intent to manipulate the legal system

Persecutory acts [the so-called stalking] - Notion of harassment relevant to the crime of stalking - Creation of an intimidating and hostile climate capable of compromising the offended person's peace of mind and psychological freedom

Sexual violence criminal offence - The mere lack of consent, not the manifestation of dissent, is required for the commission of the crime of sexual violence

Homicide - Aggravating circumstance provided for the crime of intentional homicide involving the death of a family member or other person in an emotional relation (in the present case, the spouse and a parent)

Harassment in the workplace - Harassment is unwanted conduct on grounds of sex with the purpose or effect of violating the dignity of an employee and creating an intimidating, hostile, degrading, humiliating or offensive environment