Alleged failure to adequately protect the applicant and conduct an effective investigation into her complaints of domestic violence and sexual assault - Art 14 (+ Art 3 and Art 8) - Alleged gender-based discrimination in handling of domestic violence cases

Art 3 (+ Art 14) - Insufficient State response to battery with homophobic overtones committed against the applicants - Domestic legal framework did not include sexual orientation among grounds for the commission of hate crime or discrimination offences - Prima facie indications that two of the applicants suffered violence motivated or influenced by prejudice

Fault-based divorce attributed exclusively to the applicant for failure to fulfil 'marital duties' on the grounds that she had ceased to have sexual relations with her husband - Concept of 'marital duties' runs counter to sexual freedom, the right to bodily autonomy and the states' obligation to prevent and combat domestic and sexual violence - Violation of Article 8

Art 8 • Positive obligations • Failure to protect a fourteen-year-old girl from sexual abuse • Domestic legal framework, as applied by the domestic authorities, did not afford effective protection

Art 3 and Art 8 (substantive and procedural) Respondent State having failed to effectively apply a criminal system capable of punishing non-consensual sexual acts by minors - Art 14 (+ Art 3 and Art 8) “Secondary victimisation” of one of the minors due to her exposure by the national authorities to guilt-inducing, moralising remarks conveying sexist stereotypes

Failure to conduct an effective investigation into applicant’s complaints of domestic violence - Delays and administrative confusion leading to the expiry of limitation periods - Art 14 (+ Art 3 and Art 8) - Alleged gender-based discrimination in handling of domestic violence cases

Art. 2 - Failure of the national authorities to fulfil their positive obligation to protect the applicant's life from violence by her partner - Acts qualified as violence against women - Lack of sufficient coordination between the various services and shortcomings in the applicable domestic law

Authorities’ failure in their central task of assessing the issue of non-consent - Art 14 (+ Art 3 and Art 8) - Methods used to assess the authenticity of the applicant’s consent deprived her of appropriate protection and exposed her to secondary victimisation

Articles 8 (right to respect for private and family life), 10 (freedom of expression) and 14 (prohibition of discrimination) - Qualified English and Polish gay teacher, author of an illustrated diary on an internet website for adult gay men, asked to stop by the school principal - Removal from his position as a teacher following a decision of the Disciplinary Commission for breaching 'the dignity of the teaching profession' - Violation of Article 10

Articles 3 (prohibition of torture and inhuman or degrading treatment) and 8 (right to respect for private life) - Persecution and harassment of the applicant by her former partner and the ensuing criminal proceedings - Ineffective criminal investigations and non-compliance with procedural safeguards - Violation of Article 3

Absence of valid informed consent for the expansion of the scope of the applicant's breast-conserving surgery -  Domestic courts’ failure to consider important dimensions of women’s sexuality and to provide an adequate response to the applicant’s claim concerning the absence of valid informed consent

Art 6 § 1 - Appeal to Federal Supreme Court against Court of Arbitration for Sport award rejecting complaint by professional athlete with differences of sex development, concerning non-State regulations requiring her to lower her natural testosterone level in order to compete in women’s category in international competitions

Article 10 - Freedom of expression - Obligation imposed to the applicant, lawyer and activist for LGBTIQ+ rights, to delete on her Facebook profile some videos recording another lawyer yelling homophobic slurs on the eve of the Pride - Domestic administrative courts' failure to examine adequately the claim in the light of the issue of public importance

Article 3 (lack of effective investigation) and Article 8 (right to respect for private and family life) - Failures in the investigation - Prejudicial gender stereotypes and victim-blaming attitudes

Sexual violence and criminal offences against sexual freedom - Gang rape – Extenuating circumstance for minor participation in the criminal offence

Sexual violence criminal offence - Telematic sexual violence - Using remote communication tools such as telephone, video call, chat, to force the offended person to perform sexual acts

Sexual violence and criminal offences against sexual freedom - Absence of offended person’s physical response and of outward signs indicating violence - Vis grata puellis

Sexual violence and criminal offences against sexual freedom – Gang rape

Sexual violence and sexual acts with a minor – Aggravating circumstance of physical or mental inferiority in the sexual violence criminal offence - Student abused by music teacher

Special adoption request by intended parent rejected in absence of strong relationship with the child