Article 3 and Article 11 (+ Article 14) - State’s failure to take operational preventive measures to protect applicants from homophobic and/or transphobic violence, conduct an effective investigation and ensure LGBT rally proceeded peacefully - Indications of official acquiescence, connivance and active participation in individual acts motivated by prejudice

Article 14 (+ Article 8) Discrimination/Family life - Refusal to grant applicant full parental rights and custody over her youngest child based solely or decisively on considerations regarding her sexual orientation - Decisive and discriminatory reliance on importance of male role model

Gender-based violence - Legal aid in criminal proceedings - Alleged violation of the principle of equal treatment and the right to judicial protection

Family abuse - Insulting, denigrating and violent behaviour leading to a constant climate of tension and fear within the domestic environment - Failure to object to sexual intercourse with one's spouse for fear of even more detrimental consequences does not constitute a mitigating factor

Sexual violence criminal offence - For the aggravating circumstance referred to in Article 609 ter(1)(2) of the criminal code to be applicable, the use of alcoholic or narcotic substances must depend on a giving carried out or facilitated by the defendant and whose purpose must be the performance of sexual acts

Family abuse - Exclusion of the extenuating circumstance of provocation in the offence of family abuse - Incompatibility of the extenuating circumstance of provocation with an offence including a habitual behaviour

Sexual violence criminal offence - Deposition of the offended person in the current procedural system - Subjective credibility and reliability of the narration

Recognition of international protection - Gender-based violence as one of the offences expressly envisaged for the purposes of granting refugee status - Acts specifically directed against a gender

Candidates on compulsory maternity leave - Violation of the special protection of mothers and children

Recognition of humanitarian and international protection - Pregnant women are vulnerable - Verification of the applicant's ‘vulnerable’ status for the purposes of granting a residence permit for humanitarian reasons

Lawful dismissal in case of conviction for private violence and telephone harassment

Surrogacy – Registration in Italy of a born-by-surrogacy child’s foreign birth certificate

The offence of sexual violence is committed even in the absence of physical contact with the victim - Sexual acts with a minor - Threats to coerce a minor into exchanging sexually explicit selfies and messages

Sexual violence and abuse of authority - Abuse of authority constitutes a position of supremacy to force the passive subject to perform or be subjected to sexual acts

Equal treatment - Discrimination in the workplace on grounds of sexual orientation - Right not to be discriminated against on grounds of sexual orientation

Gang rape - Participation in gang rape video recording - The offence of gang rape is committed even if not all members of the group commit acts of sexual violence

Family abuse – Family abuse is not committed in the case of a recently started relationship and occasional cohabitation

Attempted sexual violence - Relationship between the offence of persecutory acts and attempted aggravated murder - Circumstances such as to provoke a persistent state of anxiety in the victim and fear for her own safety and her relatives and cohabitants’ one, thus affecting her modus vivendi and the overall psychological state

Sexual violence - Bottom groping – Sexual violence is committed also in the case of insidiously rapid performance of the criminal action such as to surprise the victim and overcome her contrary will, thus making it impossible for her to defend herself

Stalking - Publication of merely mocking posts on a Facebook page accessible to anyone does not constitute persecutory acts and, if it falls within the limits of the legitimate freedom of thought and the right to criticism, it is legitimate - The state of anxiety engendered by invasive communications in the private sphere must be triggered for the crime of stalking to be established