Sexual violence committed even if the violence is not brutal and aggressive – Sexual violence act even exclusively as a functional and limited pretension of the sexual act itself – Kissin is a sexual act

Article 8 (Family Life) Article 14 (+ Article 8) - Restriction of applicant’s parental rights and deprivation of contact with her children on gender identity grounds and domestic courts’ failure to conduct in-depth examination of entire family situation and of relevant factors - Discrimination on gender identity grounds and lack of convincing and sufficient reasons for difference in treatment vis-a-vis parents whose gender identity matched sex assignment at birth

Article 14, Article 8 and Article 11- Discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation - State’s failure to ensure LGBT event proceeded peacefully, without verbal abuse, and carry out an effective investigation into homophobic motives of counter-demonstrators

Athletics South Africa challenging the Swiss Federal Supreme Court's decision upholding World Athletics' regulations on testosterone levels for female athletes with Differences in Sexual Development (DSD) – Article 14 and Article 8 – Association not considered as direct and personal victim for the purposes of Article 34

Killing of a young African descent woman and impunity of the perpetrator due a broad application of the parliamentary immunity - Gender stereotypes employed by domestic authorities to the detriment of the victim - Violation of the right to equality before the law, to judicial protection, and to be free from discrimination

Verbal, physical and sexual violence committed against a female journalist in the context of a kidnapping by a paramilitary group - Violation of the right to judicial protection, to dignity, to freedom of thought and expression, to personal integrity, to equal protection before the law - Lack of due diligence due to discriminatory attitudes towards the victim in the course of the investigations

Border controls, asylum and immigration – Common procedures for granting and withdrawing international protection –Circumstances which already existed before a procedure relating to a previous application for international protection was definitively concluded

Killing of a female huma rights defender in the contest of spread abuses against women - Ineffective investigations without a gender lens - Violation of the right to dignity, to judicial protection and to personal integrity

Article 3 and Article 8 - Authorities breaching procedural positive obligations as to enforcement of sentence for sexual assault after offender’s amnesty granted then revoked

Article 3 (+ Article 14) - Discrimination - Failure to conduct effective investigation into whether assault by private party was a hate crime motivated by homophobia

Condemnation of national courts for upholding presumptions and stereotypes of female sexuality - Positive obligations - 'Secondary victimisation' of a survivor of sexual violence due to the blaming, moralising and stereotyped gendered motivations of the domestic decision

Extrajudicial killing of two women and forced disappearance of two men - Ineffective investigations - Violation of the right to personal integrity and to judicial protection

Violation of the right to free legal assistance due to the state's failure to ensure it to the applicant serving a sentence of thirty years imprisonment for the offence of rape

Article 3 (+ Article 14) (Inhuman or degrading treatment, Positive obligations, and Discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation) - State’s failure to protect LGBT bar owner and activist from homophobic arson, physical and verbal attacks and to carry out effective investigation - Absence of effective domestic criminal-law mechanism for investigating discrimination complaints

Article 3 (substantive and procedural) read in the light of Article 14 (Positive obligations/Degrading treatment/Discrimination) - Failure to take effective preventive measures aimed at protecting members of LGBTI community from violent verbal and physical hate-motivated attacks by private individuals during demonstrations and to conduct an effective investigation into homophobic motives of counter-demonstrators

State's failure to conduct effective investigations into the murder of a sex-worker and trans woman because of her gender identity and expression – Ineffective investigation into gender-based violence relying on prejudices against the trans community amounts to a violation of the right to freedom of expression

Article 3 and Article 11 (+ Article 14) - State’s failure to take operational preventive measures to protect applicants from homophobic and/or transphobic violence, conduct an effective investigation and ensure LGBT rally proceeded peacefully - Indications of official acquiescence, connivance and active participation in individual acts motivated by prejudice

Article 14 (+ Article 8) Discrimination/Family life - Refusal to grant applicant full parental rights and custody over her youngest child based solely or decisively on considerations regarding her sexual orientation - Decisive and discriminatory reliance on importance of male role model

Gender-based violence - Legal aid in criminal proceedings - Alleged violation of the principle of equal treatment and the right to judicial protection

Family abuse - Insulting, denigrating and violent behaviour leading to a constant climate of tension and fear within the domestic environment - Failure to object to sexual intercourse with one's spouse for fear of even more detrimental consequences does not constitute a mitigating factor