Article 8 (Positive obligations and Respect for private life) - Legal requirements for rectification of civil status for transgender persons

The investigation carried out by the Belgian authorities after the applicant had lodged a criminal complaint alleging rape and indecent assault - A violation of the procedural aspect of Article 3 (prohibition of inhuman and degrading treatment)

Refusal of the authorities of the Ministry of Justice to bear the cost of the applicant’s gender reassignment despite medical evidence of urgently needed treatment

Execution, torture and sexual assault of, inter alia, young girls, including minors, by police officers during a drug raid, with removal of corpses and obstruction of proper investigation – Violation of the rights to judicial protection, to physical, mental, and moral integrity, to move freely within a state and to a hearing within reasonable time by a competent and independent tribunal

Article 14 taken in conjunction with Article 8 - Refusal to grant a paternity leave to the partner of the mother

Scope of the rights to a name, to privacy, and to equal protection of the laws under the Pact of San José – Protection of the change of name, and the rectification of public records and identity documents in conformity to an individual’s gender identity – States’ obligation to extend all existing mechanisms, including marriage, to same-sex couples

Article 8 (Respect for family life/Respect for private life) - Refusal to register same-sex marriages contracted abroad

Article 14 (Discrimination) - Different-sex couple denied access to registered partnership reserved exclusively for same-sex couples - No violation

Italian Cassazione recognizes stepchild adoption in special cases - Adoption in ‘special cases’ is the legal instrument for the intended parent in same-sex couples - The sexual orientation of the adoptive parent is not relevant

Sexual violence committed also in cases where it takes place between spouses – Family abuse committed in cases of deprivation of financial means

Possibility of weighing, in the specific case, whether it is in the best interests of the minor child to maintain meaningful relations with the biological parent's ex-partner [in particular, following the termination of the homo-affective cohabitation between them]

Sexual violence committed even when someone uses violence or threats to force a prostitute to engage in non-consensual sexual intercourse - Irrelevance of the circumstance that the victim engages in prostitution as the right to respect for sexual freedom is independent of personal conditions and qualities

Prosecutability ex officio – Sexual violence criminal offence and persecutory acts - Convicted and attempted sexual assault and stalking of wife would be prosecutable ex officio if there is a Police Commissioner's warning

Recognition in Italy of a foreign judgment establishing the child’s adoption by the parent's spouse - Civil partnership between adoptee and biological parent merged in same-sex marriage celebrated abroad

Prohibition of discrimination on grounds of sexual orientation and age — Payment of a survivor’s benefit to the civil partner — Partnership contracted before the 60th birthday of the member of the scheme

Articles 12 and 14 - The applicants considered that the limitation of marriage to persons of different sexes constitutes a discriminatory infringement of the right to marry - No violation

Denial of the survivor's pension to his cohabiting gay partner being provided for heterosexual partnership or married couples only - Violation of the right to equal protection

Dismissal of a military police officer pursuant to the army's rules of discipline prohibiting homosexual acts is incompatible with the Inter-American system's principles of equality and non-discrimination

Forced sterilization of an immigrant woman from Peru during a caesarean section without her prior and informed consent - Court's recognition of the impact of gendered power relations on dignity, suffering, health and the enjoyment of women's sexual and reproductive rights - Discrimination in access to health affects women’s freedom to decide freely on their bodies and their reproductive health - Violation of the right to non-discrimination, to personal freedom and integrity, dignity, private and family life, access to information and founding a family

Article (Freedom of expression) - Seizure and confiscation for more than five years of all copies of edition of a magazine containing article on “pornography”