Article 4 (Positive obligations/Effective investigation/Trafficking in human beings) - Failure to hold effective investigation into allegation of human trafficking and exploitation of prostitution

Recruitment of hundreds of female and male workers from low-income communities to work in a privately-owned cattle ranch with the promise of good salaries followed by forced labor and servitude, inhumane working and deplorable living conditions, including withholding of wages, threats and violence under the constant vigilance by armed guards - Violation of the right to freedom from slavery and trafficking, to judicial protection, and to effective remedy 

Article 4 (Trafficking in human beings) - Shortcomings in response to criminal complaint of human-trafficking

Article 3 (Effective investigation) - Undue delays in criminal proceedings and failure properly to investigate rape and assault allegations

Article 2 (Positive obligations) - Absence of provision in criminal law to sanction involuntary termination of pregnancy - No violation

Article 4 (Trafficking in human beings) and Article 2 (Effective investigation) - Failure by Cyprus to establish suitable framework to combat trafficking in human beings or to take operational measures to protect victims and failure by Russia to conduct effective investigation into recruitment of a young woman on its territory by traffickers - Failure by Cypriot authorities to conduct effective homicide investigation, in particular, as regards securing relevant evidence abroad under international convention for mutual assistance