Article 3 (prohibition of inhuman or degrading treatment) and Article 11 (freedom of assembly) – Excessive use of force by the police during a peaceful demonstration – Obligation to respect fundamental rights by public authorities in the context of public demonstrations

The German courts’ refusal to allow a man to challenge another man’s paternity - No violation

Obstructive behaviour of local authorities in not returning embryos seized pursuant to investigation subsequently acknowledged by domestic court - No violation

Article 14 (Discrimination) - Difference in treatment between male and female military personnel regarding rights to parental leave

The applicants, a married couple, were foster parents to a boy - After the child's biological mother regained custody, they were denied access and visiting rights, and they complained that the Austrian courts, after three and a half years of proceedings, ruled that granting visitation was no longer in the child's best interests - Violation of Article 8

The applicant claimed she suffered inhumane and degrading treatment, negative impacts on her private and family life, and discrimination based on sex and ethnic origin due to the lack of effective anti-discrimination laws in Slovakia at the time of her sterilization - The Court held that the applicant's rights under Article 3 were violated, and that the State's failure to provide sufficient legal protections for the reproductive health of Roma women violated Article 8

Violation of Article 8 (Disclosure of information by public hospital about a pregnant minor who was seeking an abortion after being raped; Medical authorities’ failure to provide timely and unhindered access to lawful abortion to a minor who had become pregnant as a result of rape) - Violation of Article 5 (Placement of pregnant minor in juvenile shelter to prevent her from seeking abortion following rape) - Violation of Article 3 (Harassment of minor by anti-abortion activists as a result of authorities’ actions after she had sought an abortion following rape)

The applicant’s complaint that, raped at the age of 13, the authorities took more than 15 years to complete the ensuing investigation and she had no remedies against their reluctance to prosecute her aggressors - A violation of the authorities’ obligation under Article 3 (prohibition of inhuman and degrading treatment) 

Lack of diligence by domestic authorities in executing court order granting biological father custody of abducted child - Violation of Article 8

Article 10 (Freedom of expression) - Convictions for circulating homophobic leaflets at school - No violation

Article 3 (Degrading treatment/Inhuman treatment) Article 14 (Discrimination) - Holding of homosexual prisoner in total isolation for more than eight months to protect him from fellow prisoners - Holding of homosexual prisoner in total isolation for more than eight months to protect him from fellow prisoners

Ban preventing healthy carriers of cystic fibrosis from screening embryos for in vitro fertilisation, despite existence of right to therapeutic abortion in domestic law - Violation of Article 8 (Respect for private life)

This case concerned the procedure for awarding parental authority and custody in respect of a child whose mother was Italian and whose father was a San Marino national - The applicants, the mother and the child, complained in particular about a decision ordering the child to be returned to San Marino to live with her father and to attend school there - No violation

An attack on the applicant in the street in the course of which acid was thrown in her face, and the question of the authorities’ obligation to protect people and diligence in the proceedings following the attack - A violation of Articles 3 (prohibition of inhuman and degrading treatment – procedural aspect) and 8 (right to respect for private and family life)

The respondent government’s proposal to return a Nigerian woman and her two daughters to Nigeria where she claimed her daughters faced the risk of female genital mutilation - There was no evidence sending the applicants back to Nigeria would amount to a violation of Article 3

Inability of father divested of his legal capacity to acknowledge paternity of his child - Violation of Article 8

The custody rights of a mother who had temporarily entrusted the child to her parents-in-law - The applicant complained in particular of the refusal of the domestic courts to order her in-laws to return her son to her and argued that the authorities had not taken the necessary steps to facilitate reunion with her minor son - Violation of Article 8

Article 4 (Trafficking in human beings) - Trafficking of a young Bulgarian girl in Italy not supported by sufficient evidence - Inadmissible

The applicant, as Christian, complained that his return to Iraq would involve a violation of Article 3 of the Convention

Article 8 (Respect for private life) - Absence of any legal requirement for newspapers to give advance notice before publishing details of a person’s private life - No violation