Protection of working mothers – Maternity allowance, upon request, for the period between the two months prior to the expected date of birth and the three months after the actual date of birth, regardless of the actual date of maternity leave – Alleged unequal treatment of female employees obligated by law to maternity leave during the aforementioned period

Equal treatment for men and women – Refusal to employ a woman as a chef in the Royal Marines

Equal treatment for men and women – Dismissal of a pregnant woman – Absences due to illness arising from pregnancy

Equal treatment of men and women - Equally qualified male and female candidates - Priority for female candidates

Protection of working mothers – Prohibition of dismissal of female workers during pregnancy and childbirth – Alleged unequal treatment with respect to domestic and family service workers

Article 5(1) of the Directive 76/207/EEC precludes dismissal of a transsexual for a reason related to a gender reassignment – Intention to undergo gender reassignment, surgery to give the physical attributes of a woman – Discrimination is based, essentially if not exclusively, on the sex of the person concerned 

Equality before the law without distinction of sex - Possibility for all citizens, of both sexes, to have equal access to public and elected offices in equal shares

Equal treaetment of men and women - Equally qualified candidates of different sexes - Priority given to women

Working mother - Right to optional abstention from work for six months in the first year of the child's life – Abstention also granted to the father, but only if the mother is employed, not if she is self-employed

Exclusion of women from access to public office - Unjustified discrimination on grounds of sex

Council Directive 76/207/EEC of 9 February 1976 on the implementation of the principle of equal treatment for men and women as regards access to employment, vocational training and promotion, and working conditions

Positive actions for female entrepreneurship - Financial incentives to businesses run by women or predominantly owned by women

(Direct or indirect) discrimination on grounds of sex - Prohibition of any discrimination between men and women with regard to access to employment and, in particular, to public office

Days off to breastfeed during child’s first year – The father cannot take days off to breastfeed in place of a mother renouncing them – Violation of equality in marriage, parental responsibilities and of the protection of motherhood and children 

Protection of female workers – Dismissal for marriage - Prohibition to subject the female employee, within the specified limits, other than individual licensing, to collective licensing procedures for downsizing or temporary layoff

Father’s possibility of taking compulsory maternity leave in place of his working wife - Violation of the substantive equality in marriage and their equal participation in the care and assistance of the child and the protection of the child's interest in the development of his or her personality

Working mothers - Termination during pregnancy and childbirth – Obstacle to the achievement of truly equal rights for working women

Interpretation of Articles 2 and 3 of Council Directive 76/207/EEC of 9 February 1976 on the implementation of the principle of equal treatment for men and women as regards access to employment, vocational training and promotion, and working conditions – Pregnant worker

Interpretation of Council Directive 76/207/EEC of 9 February 1976 on the implementation of the principle of equal treatment for men and women as regards access to employment, vocational training and promotion, and working conditions

Equal treatment for men and women – Limits to economic freedom – Workers' right to equal pay for equal work or work of equal value